The Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalisation

        

Main Companies Involved in Globalisation

The main companies involved in globalisation such as McDonalds, Apple and the main one is Dyson.

Globalisation

 

MEDC = More economically developed country.

LEDC = Less economically developed country.

TNC = Transnational corporation.

 

We now communicate and share each others cultures through travel and trade, transporting products around the world in hours or days. We are in a huge global economy where something that happens in one area can have knock on effects worldwide. Thus process is called globalisation.

 

The world is interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalisation has increased the production of goods and services. The biggest companies are no longer national firms but multinational corporations with subsidiaries in many countries.

 

Globalisation has resulted in increased international trade, a compnay operating in more than one country, greater dependence on the global economy, freer movement of capital, goods and services, recognition of companies such as Mcdonalds and Starbucks in LEDC's.

 

Globalisation is not helping to create wealth ind eveloping companies.

 

Reasons for Globalisation:

 

Improvements in transportation (larger cargo ships mean that the cost of transporting goods between counties has decreased), Freedom of trade (organisations like the World Trade Organisation (WTO) PR, Improvements of cummunications, Labour availability and skills.

 

Transnational Corporations

 

 

 

Social Networks

Media journal and evalution analyisis

Uses and Gratifications Research

• One influential tradition in media research is referred to as 'uses and gratifications'. This approach focuses on why people use particular media rather than on content.
• In contrast to the concern of the 'media effects' tradition with 'what media do to people' (which assumes a homogeneous mass audience and a 'hypodermic' view of media), U & G can be seen as part of a broader trend amongst media researchers which is more concerned with 'what people do with media', allowing for a variety of responses and interpretations.
• However, some commentators have argued that gratifications could also be seen as effects: e.g. thrillers are likely to generate very similar responses amongst most viewers. And who could say that they never watch more TV than they had intended to? Watching TV helps to shape audience needs and expectations.
• U & G arose originally in the 1940s and underwent a revival in the 1970s amd 1980s.
• U & G theorists argue that people's needs influence how they use and respond to a medium. Zillmann (cited by McQuail 1987: 236) has shown the influence of mood on media choice: boredom encourages the choice of exciting content and stress encourages a choice of relaxing content. The same TV programme may gratify different needs for different individuals. Different needs are associated with individual personalities, stages of maturation, backgrounds and social roles. Developmental factors seem to be related to some motives for purposeful viewing: e.g. Judith van Evra argues that young children may be particularly likely to watch TV in search of information and hence more susceptible to influence (Evra 1990: 177, 179).

 

The role Reception Theory plays in Global Media

One of the main link between reception theory in global media is entertainment, it helps in decision making and target audience. Global medias can tailor market their product to the correct audience based on statistics and other information.

Recption Theory

Reception Theory is the idea that recognises that the audience are an essential elements in the creative process. It was originally a method of literary criticism. Reception theory explains that the meaning does not lie in the work of art itself but the meaning is part of the process of interact between the audience and the artwork. It can be applied to many art forms such as drama, film and painting. In literary studies, reception theory originated from the work of Hans-Robert Jauss in the late 1960s. Reception theory focuses on how the audience will perceive what they are looking at.

 

Reception Theory is about the different the audience receive and interpret text.

 

Reception.

Global Media

Cultural Imperialsim

The practic of promoting a more powerful culture over a leat known or desierable culture.

Cross Media Ownership

When an organisation owns more than one type of Media company, for example a newspaper and television station.

Synergy

Cooperative interaction among groups, specially among the acquired subsidiares or merged parts of a corporation, that creates an enchanced combined effect.

 

 

 

 

Multinational Conglomerats

The forming of diffrent companies from around the world.

Samsung asre a multinational conglomeratre, founded in 1938, Samsung is a multinational conglomerate company comprised of businesses that range from consumer electronics, machinery and heavy industries, chemical industries, financial services, and various other enterprises.

 

Oligopoly

A state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers.

Coca Cola is a pime example it has alot of oppostion but has proven th test of time and it has incredibley limited competion.

 

Coca Cola has limited competion because it has beena round for many years and is a proven company. It was also widely distrubuted by the American Milletary and now Coca Cola work with Milletary Vietterans to find them jobs. 'In order to understand how Coca-Cola is working to hire veterans, you have to know our history with the military. The Coca-Cola Company has a longstanding history of support for our nation’s Armed Services, dating back to 1941 when then President of the Company, Robert W. Woodruff, pledged to place Coca-Cola within arm’s reach of desire wherever U.S. troops were stationed around the world. Today, we are a continuous supporter of veterans.'

 

The Cola Wars

 

The Cola Wars are a campaign of mutually-targeted television advertisements and marketing campaigns since the 1980s between soft drink manufacturers The Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo.

As of March 2011^[update], Pepsi was in third place behind Coca-Cola and Diet Coke. In 2010, Diet Coke outsold Pepsi; Coca-Cola sold 1.6 billion cases of its regular soda and 927 million cases of its diet soda, while Pepsi sold only 892 million cases.

 

Coca-Cola advertising has historically focused on wholesomeness and nostalgia for childhood. Coca-Cola advertising is often characterized as "family-friendly", and often relies on "cute" characters (e.g., the Coca-Cola polar bear mascot and Santa Claus around Christmas).

 

 

One example of a heated exchange that occurred during the Cola Wars was Coca-Cola's making a strategic retreat on July 11, 1985, by announcing its plans to bring back the original "Classic" Coke after recently introducing New Coke. Notable promoters of Coca-Cola have included Bill Cosby, Whitney Houston, Paula Abdul, Weird Al Yankovic, George Michael, Christina Aguilera, Max Headroom, Celine Dion, Elton John and most recently, Taylor Swift.

Pepsi adverts often focus on celebrities choosing Pepsi over Coca-Cola, supporting Pepsi's positioning as "The Choice of a New Generation". Celebrities who have promoted Pepsi include Mariah Carey, KISS, Tina Turner, Britney Spears, Beyoncé Knowles, Pink, Enrique Iglesias, David Bowie, Rod Stewart, Jim Varney, Elvis Presley, One Direction, Michael Jackson, Brian May, Roger Taylor, Madonna, Spice Girls, Shakira, Amr Diab,  Ray Charles, and Elton John (who has also promoted Coca-Cola). In 1975, Pepsi began showing people in blind taste tests called the Pepsi Challenge, in which they preferred one product over the other, and then they began hiring increasing numbers of popular spokespersons to promote their products.

Media Consumption

• What do you consume?

TV, Internet, social networks, films, news.

• How do you consume it?

Indirectly and Directly.

• Why do you consume it?

Society in forces the use of media and because everything is easily assessable. Entertainment and educational.

As a media studies student its interesting to know where it is from particularly if the origin no longer matches due to larger more dominant countries buying the smaller company's.

America owns consumption and the frequency of consumption because they are the largest producers. Also I or us as individuals are in charge of our own consumption.

Global Media

• What types of media might 'global media' encompass?

Twitter, Facebook, Wikipedia, Mcdonalds, cocacola, apple.

• What issues might global media exemplify?

Makes the rich richer and poor poorer. Its stopping development in other countries.

• What about cultural/national identity?

Loss of identity in smaller and poorer countries.